BIM-Driven Optimization of Collaborative Cost Budgeting in Prefabricated Building Supply Chains

Abstract

Amidst the digital transformation of the construction industry, prefabricated buildings are gaining prominence as a pivotal strategy for achieving low-carbon goals and enhancing construction efficiency. However, the industry faces significant challenges, primarily low supply chain collaboration efficiency and inaccurate cost budgeting, which impede its broader adoption and effectiveness. In traditional models, data is fragmented across the design, production, and logistics phases, which not only leads to resource waste but also drives up carbon emissions from prefabricated component transportation. Additionally, BIM technology faces challenges such as high upfront investment and low model reusability, further intensifying cost pressures. This study addresses these issues by developing a cloud-based collaboration model to enable real-time data sharing, establishing a quantitative formula for delay costs, and exploring a standardized design to reduce marginal costs. Employing methods including literature analysis, case comparison, and model construction, the research uses game theory to analyze collaboration efficiency and cloud models to assess supply chain resilience. Results show that modular design can reduce component costs by 48.64%. Conversely, while the lack of collaborative mechanisms causes significant waste in transportation and warehousing. The findings demonstrate that cloud-based collaboration and standardized design can provide practical guidance for enterprises to improve capital efficiency and reduce carbon emissions. The study also contributes to the theoretical framework for integrating BIM technology with supply chain management.